Book 3: The science of the Nile
Chapter 10: Origin/Evolution and Major Sub-Basins of the River Nile
Chapter 10 summarizes information on the origins/evolution and major sub-basins of the Nile River…. The discussion of the age and origin of this great river is still being debated…the Nile could be 30 million years old. Researchers argue that the Nile may have emerged around 30 million years ago, driven by the motion of the Earth’s mantle, the thick layer of rock between the Earth’s core and crust.
Chapter 11: The Science of the Nile River (Geology, Hydrology, Climate, Soil, Sustainability)
Chapter 11 covers the science, the Nile basin’s geology, hydrology, climate, soil, and sustainability… Martin Williams grouped the Nile basin into five geological groups:
(a) Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks; (b) Mesozic sedimentary rocks; (c) Cenozoic sedimentary rocks; (d) Cenozoic volcanic rocks; and (e) Quaternary eolian sands.
Chapter 12: The Blue Nile Basin
Chapter 12 provides an in-depth review of the Blue Nile River basin… The Blue Nile Basin covers most of Ethiopia west of longitude 400
east and between latitude 9º and 120 north. In addition, the sacred spring which lies to the south of Lake Tana and from which the Little Abbay flows into the Lake is cited by most authors as the source of the river. The 1964 United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBR) identified the following 10 sub-basins within the Blue Nile basin: